|
Notice and take down is a process operated by online hosts in response to court orders or allegations that content is illegal. Content is removed by the host following notice. Notice and take down is widely operated in relation to copyright infringement, as well as for libel and other illegal content. In US and European Union law, notice and takedown is mandated as part of limited liability, or safe harbour, provisions for online hosts (see the Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998 and the Electronic Commerce Directive 2000). As a condition for limited liability online hosts must expeditiously remove or disable access to content they host when they are notified of the alleged illegality. == US == The Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act, passed into law in 1998 as part of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act provides safe harbour protection to "online service providers" for "online storage" in section 512(c). Section 512(c) applies to online service providers that store copyright infringing material. In addition to the two general requirements that online service providers comply with standard technical measures and remove repeat infringers, section 512(c) also requires that the online service providers: 1) do not receive a financial benefit directly attributable to the infringing activity, 2) are not be aware of the presence of infringing material or know any facts or circumstances that would make infringing material apparent, and 3) upon receiving notice from copyright owners or their agents, act expeditiously to remove the allegedly copyright infringing material.〔(Section 512(c) )〕 An online service provider can be notified through the copyright owner's written notification of claimed infringement. Section 512(c) list a number of requirements the notification must comply with, including: * Identification of the copyrighted work claimed to have been infringed and information reasonably sufficient to permit the service provider to locate the material. * Information reasonably sufficient to permit the service provider to contact the complaining party, such as an address, telephone number and email address * A statement that the complaining party has a good faith belief that use of the material in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law. * A statement that the information in the notification is accurate, and under penalty of perjury, that the complaining party is authorized to act on behalf of the owner of an exclusive right that is allegedly infringed.〔(17 U.S.C. § (512(c)(3)(A)(i-vi)) )〕 Provided the notification complies with the requirements of Section 512, the online service provider must expeditiously remove or disable access to the allegedly infringing material, otherwise the provider loses its safe harbour and is exposed to possible liability.〔( 17 U.S.C. § 512(c)(1)(C) )〕 Following this the online service provider must take reasonable steps to promptly notify the alleged infringer of the action.〔( 17 U.S.C. § 512(g)(2)(A) )〕 If there is a counter notification from the alleged infringer, the online service provider must then promptly notify the claiming party of the individual's objection.〔()〕 If the copyright owner does not bring a lawsuit in district court within 14 days, the service provider is then required to restore the material to its location on its network.〔()〕 A counter notice claiming that the material does not infringe copyrights, the service provider must also comply with requirements set out in Section 512, including: * The subscriber's name, address, phone number and physical or electronic signature. * Identification of the material and its location before removal. * A statement under penalty of perjury that the material was removed by mistake or misidentification. * Subscriber consent to local federal court jurisdiction, or if overseas, to an appropriate judicial body.〔((B), (C) and (D) )〕 If the court determines that the copyright owner misrepresented the claim of copyright infringement, the copyright owner becomes liable for any damages that resulted to the online service provider from the improper removal of the material.〔()〕 The online service provider is also required to appropriately respond to "repeat infringers", including termination of online accounts. On this basis online service providers may insert clauses into user service agreements which allow them to terminate or disable user accounts following repeat infringement of copyright. Identification of "repeat infringer" may occur through repeated notice and takedown requests, while other online service provider require a determination by a court. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「notice and take down」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|